What behavior is characteristic of children in the phallic stage according to Freud?

Children in the phallic stage, which occurs roughly between the ages of 3 and 6 years, exhibit exploratory behaviors that are closely related to their understanding of gender roles and their own sexual identity. During this stage, children become more aware of the differences between genders and begin to identify with one parent, often leading to the development of the Oedipus or Electra complex. This exploration helps them navigate their social environment and figure out their place within the family and society.

The development of gender identity and the curiosity about gender-specific behaviors align with Freud's perspective that this stage is crucial for establishing a child’s understanding of their own sex role. As such, the characteristic behavior of exploration of gender roles effectively captures the essence of what children are engaged in during the phallic stage.