Which of the following indicates a toddler is developing autonomy according to Erikson's theory?

The choice indicating that a toddler is developing autonomy according to Erikson's theory reflects the stage of "autonomy vs. shame and doubt," which typically occurs between the ages of 1 to 3 years. During this developmental stage, children seek to assert their independence and control over their environment. By choosing what to wear each day, a toddler exhibits decision-making skills and personal preference, which are key indicators of autonomy. This sense of control helps build their confidence and self-esteem, essential components in their overall development.

In contrast, expressing frustration when things don't go their way may indicate a struggle with autonomy but does not demonstrate the achievement of autonomy itself. Clinging to caregivers in new environments reflects insecurity and dependence rather than independence. Refusing to share toys can show a sense of possessiveness but does not necessarily equate to autonomy, as it may stem from developmental ego-centric behaviors rather than a healthy assertion of self. Thus, making independent choices, like selecting their clothing, is the most direct example of a toddler exercising autonomy as outlined by Erikson.